EICR vs PAT Testing – Landlord’s Quick Guide
As a landlord in the UK, electrical safety is a top priority. But with terms like EICR and PAT testing being thrown around, it can be confusing to know which is required, how often, and why. This quick guide will explain the difference and help you stay compliant with regulations.
What Is an EICR?
An EICR (Electrical Installation Condition Report) is a formal inspection of a property’s fixed electrical installations — things like wiring, fuse boxes, sockets, and light fittings.
Key points about EICR:
- Legal Requirement: Since July 2020, landlords must have an EICR at least every 5 years for rental properties in England.
- Conducted By: A qualified electrician.
- Purpose: To identify any faults, damage, or safety hazards in the fixed electrical system.
- Outcome: You’ll receive a report detailing the property’s electrical safety and any remedial work required.
What Is PAT Testing?
PAT (Portable Appliance Testing) checks the safety of portable electrical appliances in your rental property — such as kettles, toasters, microwaves, lamps, and extension leads.
Key points about PAT testing:
- Not a Legal Requirement: There’s no specific law requiring PAT testing for landlords, but the Electrical Equipment (Safety) Regulations 2016 require that all electrical items you provide are safe.
- Best Practice: Annual PAT testing is recommended to ensure tenant safety and to protect against liability claims.
- Conducted By: A competent person, often a qualified electrician or trained PAT tester.
EICR vs PAT Testing – What’s the Difference?
| Feature | EICR | PAT Testing |
|---|---|---|
| Covers | Fixed wiring & installations | Portable appliances |
| Legal Requirement | Yes (every 5 years) | No (but strongly recommended) |
| Frequency | Every 5 years or sooner if issues found | Annually (best practice) |
| Purpose | Ensure safe electrical infrastructure | Ensure safe portable appliances |
| Who Performs It | Qualified electrician | Competent PAT tester |
Why Landlords Should Do Both
While an EICR is mandatory and focuses on the building’s electrical system, PAT testing adds an extra layer of protection by ensuring all plug-in appliances are safe. Doing both:
- Protects tenants from electric shocks and fires.
- Reduces the risk of damage to your property.
- Helps you prove due diligence if an incident occurs.
Key Takeaways for Landlords
- EICR – Legally required every 5 years for UK rentals.
- PAT Testing – Not compulsory but highly recommended annually.
- Doing both ensures maximum safety and compliance.
By understanding the differences between EICR and PAT testing, you’ll keep your tenants safe, your property compliant, and your peace of mind intact.
